Disclaimer : This databank is curated from literature and may not claim for any medications or directly use of plants without any prior knowledge or consultation of physician.
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Botanical Name Plant's Common Name Plant Family

MH276 : Costus speciosus (J. Koenig.) Sm.

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Melghat's Flora's Serial No. : 495  
Class : Liliopsida - Monocotyledons
Order : Zingiberales
Family : Costaceae - Costus family
Genus : Costus L. - costus
Species : Costus speciosus (J. Koenig.) Sm.
Plant Location in Melghat : In Semadoh, Harisal and Tarubandha ranges in deep valleys  
Plant Category : Herbs  
Plant's Current Status : Rare, Endemic  
Plant Family : Costaceae  
 
Plant Common Name : Cane-reed, Crepe Ginger, Costus, Spiral Ginger, Cane-reed,
 
Synonym : Cheilocostus speciosus (J. Koenig.) C.D. Specht.
Description : Rhizome tuberous, 1-2 cm thick, highly branched, yellowish-green inside. Leafy shoots 1.5-2.5 m tall. Leaves spirally arranged on the stem, 8-24 x 3-7 cm, oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, base tapering, apex abruptly acuminate, upper surface glabrous, lower surface sparsely hairy; ligule truncate, densely hairy; petiole 3-5 mm long. Spikes terminal, 4-9 x 2-5 cm, more or less globose. Bracts 1.5-3 x 0.7-1.5 cm, ovate-acute, with a narrow subapical protruberance, reddish. Bracteoles 1-1.5 cm long, oblong, reddish. Calyx 2-2.5 cm long, 3-lobed; lobes 3-5 mm long. Corolla white; lobes to 4 x 0.8 cm, elliptic-oblong, acuminate. Labellum 5-8 cm wide, suborbicular, white with a creamy-yellow median band. Stamen median, on an oblong petaloid process. Ovary 5-8 mm long, globose, 3-lobed, 3-celled; ovules many; stigma crescent-shaped, ciliate. Capsule bright red, 2.5-3 x 2-2.5 cm, dehiscing loculicidally. Seeds 6-8 x 3-4 mm, black with fleshy white aril.
 
Curated Medicinal Use / Activity : Cough, Cold, Digestive, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective, steroidogenic, adaptogenic, anti-microbial effects.
 
Plant's Phytochemicals : Diosgenin
beta-sitosterol
furostanol saponins-costusosides
beta-D-glucoside
prosapogenins
dioscin
gracillin
dihydrophytylplastoquinone
alpha-tocopherolquinone
Beta-amyrin
camphene
costunolide
alpha-humulene
lupeol
zerumbone
tigogenin
beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucoside
Prosapogenins A
Prosapogenins B
alpha-tocopherol
diosgenone
cycloartanol
octacosanoic acid
Reference : ~ Chandra Prakash Kala; "Aboriginal uses and management of ethnobotanical species in deciduous forests of Chhattisgarh state in India"; Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2009); 5(20): 1-9 PMID :

~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID :

~ S.D. Jagtap, S.S. Deokule and S.V. Bhosle; "Some unique ethnomedicinal uses of plants used by the Korku tribe of Amravati district of Maharashtra, India"; Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2006); 107: 463-469 PMID :

~ Das, DC.; Sinha, NK.; Chattopadhyay JC.; Das M. and Samanta P.; "The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of Gonorrhea and Syphilis in south west Bengal of India"; International Journal of Phytomedicine (2013); 5: 14-17 PMID :